ubuntu 包工具

• dpkg dpkg is a tool to install build remove and manage debian packages
• apt-get front tools of APT
• aptitude advance tools of APT

# search package from the repo
apt-cache search package

# show the info of the package
apt-cache show package

# install packge
apt-get install package [-reinstall]
apt-get -f install
apt-get remove packge [-purge]


apt-get check

The important configuration files

/etc/apt/source.list
/etc/apt/apt.conf
/etc/apt/preferences
/var/cache/apt/archives/partial #packages that are downloading
/var/cache/apt/archives #pacakge download
/var/lib/apt/lists #list info of packges download
/var/lib/apt/lists/partial #details of packages dowloading

DPKG usage

dpkg -i package.deb
dpkg -r package
dpkg -p package
depk -L packge #list the relative files of the package
dpkg -l package #show the version
dpkg -unpack packge.deb
dpkg -S keyword

ubuntu software types

• main canonical-support open source softs
• multiverse 各个社区支持
• restricted 有专利限制
• universe 有版权限制

更新软件类型

• security
• updates
• proposed pre-release updates
• backport unsupported updates

`deb|deb-src http://path/to/ubuntu/ ubuntu发行版|发行版民称-更新类型 软件园类型